Which Sunscreen Should You Use? A Simple Guide to SPF Types

As we enter the summer months, although the UK may not always experience extreme heat, it’s still essential to ensure our skin is protected from harmful UV rays.

With so many options available, choosing the right sunscreen can feel overwhelming.

This guide breaks down the different types of sunscreen, explains SPF, and helps you decide which sunscreen you should use based on your skin type and lifestyle!

What Is SPF & What Does It Do?

SPF (Sun Protection Factor) measures how well a sunscreen protects your skin from UVB rays, the main cause of sunburn.

In simple terms, SPF shows how long your skin is protected compared to wearing no sunscreen at all. However, it doesn’t mean you can stay in the sun indefinitely; reapplication is still essential.

For more on SPF and the importance of sun protection, see our related guide!

What’s The Difference Between UVA & UVB Rays?

• UVA rays: They penetrate deeper into the skin and contribute to premature ageing and long-term skin damage (e.g., skin cancer).
• UVB rays: They affect the outer skin layer and are the main cause of sunburn. They can also lead to skin cancer.

Find trusted sunburn relief products to help soothe and protect your skin after sun exposure!

*Dermatologists often recommend SPF 30 to 50, as the increase in protection beyond this range is relatively small. While SPF 100 offers slightly higher UVB protection, it can sometimes create a false sense of security, making people less likely to reapply sunscreen as often as they should.

What Are The Main Types Of Sunscreens?

The main types of sunscreen are chemical and physical (mineral) sunscreens. Both protect your skin from UV damage, but they work in slightly different ways.

Chemical Sunscreens

Chemical sunscreens (also known as synthetic sunscreens) are absorbed into the skin and tend to have a lighter texture, making them popular for facial use.

Here’s how they work:

1. They absorb UV rays.
2. They convert them into heat energy.
3. They release that heat from the skin back into the air.
4. They prevent the skin from harm.

Important: Apply 15-20 minutes before sun exposure for best results.

Physical (Mineral) Sunscreens

Physical sunscreens are thicker in formula and sit on the surface of the skin, instead of being absorbed into it. This way, they act as a protective barrier from the sun’s UV rays.

Here’s how they work:

1. They sit on the surface of the skin.
2. They reflect UV rays away from it.
3. They provide instant protection after application.

Common ingredients physical sunscreens contain include:

• Zinc oxide
• Titanium dioxide

Is Chemical or Physical Sunscreen Better?

There isn’t necessarily a right or wrong type of sunscreen to use on your skin.

However, there are positives and negatives of using each, depending on where on your body you are using it, how long you need your sunscreen to last and how easy you need it to be to apply.

Let’s take a closer look at their pros and cons:

Pros of physical sunscreens

Cons of physical sunscreens

Pros of chemical sunscreens

Cons of chemical sunscreens

• Need time to absorb
• May irritate sensitive skin
• Require more careful application

How To Choose The Best Sunscreen For Your Skin

To choose the right sunscreen, it’s important to consider the following key factors:

1. Choose the right SPF level

Choosing the right SPF is one of the most crucial factors when selecting a sunscreen.

• SPF 30: It’s suitable for everyday use and daily activities, such as commuting or short periods outdoors. It provides a good level of protection for most people when UV levels are moderate.
• SPF 50: It offers a higher level of protection and is recommended if you have fair or sensitive skin, are prone to burning, or are spending longer periods outdoors.
• SPF 50+: It’s best for intense or prolonged sun exposure, such as beach holidays, outdoor sports, or high UV index conditions.

2. Make sure it’s broad-spectrum

Always choose a sunscreen labelled “broad-spectrum”, meaning it protects against both UVA and UVB rays.

A sunscreen without broad-spectrum protection may still leave your skin exposed to UVA damage, even if it has a high SPF.

Read also: How to Protect Your Skin from UV Rays - Sun Safety.

3. Consider your skin type

Your skin type plays a key role in choosing the right sunscreen, as the wrong formula can lead to irritation, breakouts, or dryness.

Which sunscreen should I use for oily skin?

Look for lightweight formulas that won’t clog pores or feel greasy. The best options for oily skin include:

• Oil-free and non-comedogenic formulas
• Gel, fluid, or mattifying textures
• Fast-absorbing, lightweight finishes

Which sunscreen should I use for dry skin?

Dry skin benefits from sunscreens that also provide hydration and support the skin barrier. Look for products that offer:

• Cream-based or lotion formulas
• Ingredients like glycerin or hyaluronic acid
• Nourishing, moisturising textures

Which sunscreen should I use for sensitive skin?

Sensitive skin requires gentle, low-irritation formulas. The most suitable options are usually:

• Mineral (physical) sunscreens
• Fragrance-free and alcohol-free options
• Minimal ingredient lists

Which sunscreen should I use for combination skin?

Combination skin needs a balance between hydration and oil control. A good choice would typically include:

• Lightweight lotions or fluids
• Non-greasy, breathable formulas
• Balanced hydration without heaviness

4. Check the ingredients

If you have sensitive skin, allergies, or are buying sunscreen for children, it’s important to check the ingredients list carefully. Two main ingredients approved by the FDA to look out for in physical sunscreens are:

• Zinc Oxide
• Titanium Dioxide

For a full breakdown, see our guide on which sunscreen ingredients to avoid.

5. Choose the right formula

Sunscreens come in different formats. To choose the right one, consider the following:

6. Think about your activity

Your daily routine and environment should also influence your sunscreen choice. For example:

• For swimming or exercise → The best option is a chemical sunscreen, which absorbs into the skin and is water-resistant. Physical sunscreens can be easily sweated or washed off.
• For everyday use → The best option is a lightweight sunscreen that feels comfortable on the skin and is easy to apply consistently. Chemical sunscreens are often preferred for daily use, as they absorb quickly and leave no visible residue.
• For strong sun exposure → Choose a physical sunscreen to ensure there’s a shield between your skin and the sun.

Choosing The Right Sunscreen — Conclusion

Choosing the right sunscreen doesn’t have to be complicated. By understanding the different SPF levels, the role of UVA and UVB protection, and how various formulas and ingredients work, you can make a more informed decision.

Explore a wide range of trusted sunscreens and find the right option to keep your skin protected, healthy, and comfortable all year round!